题目：契诃夫与中国现代戏剧的现代性问题

专业：比较文学（上海外国语大学硕士学位论文）

作者：屈媛媛

指导教师：任生名教授

时间：2004年

目  录

中文摘要

英文摘要

前言

第—章  契诃夫戏剧在中国译介及研究情况概述

第二章  契诃夫戏剧及其现代性问题

    第一节  契诃夫剧作的基本情况

    第二节  崭新的戏剧理念：绝对真实和悲喜交织的生活

    第三节  戏剧内容的转变：从神坛到现实再到内心

    第四节  形式与风格：“比几代人人的寿命还要长”

小结

第三章  如何拿来：中国剧作家对契诃夫戏剧的借鉴

    第一节  中国现代戏剧走向成熟时期其现代性初探

    第二节  戏剧理念及其内容的选择：从易卜生到契河夫

    第三节  生活戏剧与心理戏剧——平静然而有为

    第四节  浓郁诗意和抒情氛围的笼罩

    小结

第四章  高尔基戏剧——中国剧作家学习契诃夫的另—条道路

第五章  契诃夫戏剧在中国现代戏剧史上的地位和作用

    第一节  中国剧作家对契诃夫的改造

    第二节  不可避免的误读及其原因

结束语

参考书目

后记

中文摘要

    本文试图以重新、多角度地认识真正的契诃夫戏剧为契机，以中国现代戏剧的发展过程为出发点，对契诃夫的主要五部多幕剧和中国现代戏剧史上深受契诃夫影响的作家及其作品进行分析，并结合受到契诃夫影响、同时又是无产阶级文学和苏联社会主义文学奠基人的高尔基剧作的情况，来考察契诃夫剧作中体现出的现代性因素对我国现代戏剧的作用。

    第一章主要对契诃夫戏剧在中国的译介及研究情况进行梳理，主要以时间为线索，为下文深入探讨其戏剧在我国现代戏剧发展过程中的作用提供背景。

    第二章详细分析契诃夫戏剧的主要特点及体现在其戏剧美学、内容、风格等诸方面的现代性。其中涉及契诃夫戏剧在戏剧史上的作用、与易卜尘的比较，以便更好地挖掘其戏剧的现代性因素。

    第三章，也是本文重点之一，详细探讨了在中国现代戏剧走向成熟时期受到契诃夫直接影响，或者说与之有相似的创作特点的五位中国作家的作品，通过他们对契诃夫戏剧不同程度的借鉴情况来考察契诃夫戏剧对中国现代戏剧发展的具体作用。

    第四章分析契诃夫对中国戏剧影响的另一条途径，即高尔基戏剧对中国的影响。主要是以夏衍的创作为论述的基础，以说明夏衍创作中受到契诃夫、高尔基双重影响及其相互关系。

    第五章主要从戏剧民族化的角度出发，进一步探讨契诃夫戏剧在中国现代戏剧史上的地位和作用，并对其剧作在我国出现的某些特别现象及其原因做出简要分析。

    结束语把视角扩大到中国现代戏剧史和现实主义主流的发展过程，对前面五章的内容进行归纳，从整体角度来把握契诃夫戏剧对中国现代戏剧发展的独特作用，希望能对此有一个较为全面、客观的认识。

Abstract

    On the bases of a complete examination of Anton Pavlovich Chekhov's plays and of the development of Chinese Modem Plays, this paper is to find out the effect of the modernist factors in Chekhov's plays upon Chinese Modem Plays. The contents of my analyses contain the examination of Chekhov's five plays, of the Chinese playwrights influenced by Chekhov and their plays, and of the plays of Maxim Gorky, one of the founders of the proletariat and socialist literature in the former Soviet Union. The whole paper consists of five chapters and an epilogue.

    In Chapter One, there is a chronological literature review of the translation of Chekhov's plays in China, which paves the way for a further examination of the role of his plays in our Modem Plays.

    Chapter Two mainly treats of the features of Chekhov's plays and demonstrates the modernist factors in dramatic aesthetics, content and style, etc. The paper then by dealing with the role of Chekhov's plays in the history and comparing with the works of Ibsen, hopes to further explore its modernist factors.

    Chapter Three, one of the main part of this paper, will examine in a detailed way the direct influence of Chekhov at a time when Chinese Modem Plays have become mature. The plays of five Chinese playwrights with the similar features to those of Chekhov's will be examined. In this way we can see the specific influence on Chinese Modem Playwrights when they learnt from Chekhov.

   Another route of Chekhov's influence is to be analyzed in Chapter Four, i.e. through Gorky. The analysis is mainly based upon Xia Yan's play writing since he was influenced both by Chekhov and by Gorky.

   From the perspective of nationalization of plays, Chapter Five talks about the Chekhov plays' position and role in the history of our modem plays, and the cause of Chekhov plays' appearance as a special phenomenon in our country.

   The Epilogue sums up the five chapters in a larger context of the development of Modem Chinese Drama and the development of Realistic Literature as the main current in our country so as to have a complete and objective panorama of Chekov's unique role playing in the development of our plays.